--- title: Blog url: 'https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog' markdown: 'https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog.md' date: '2026-10-05' description: 'IWL BLOG' --- 5th Oct 2026 ### [IWL's New Website - October 2026](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/new-website-oct-2026) ![Domenico Ghirlandaio 1480](https://nwww.iwl.com/user/pages/03.articles/06.blog/new-website-oct-2026/Domenico_ghirlandaio_1480_ca-256x348.jpg "Domenico Ghirlandaio 1480") ## IWL's New Website October 5, 2026 Yes, we have updated our website. The overall structure is quite different from the old. We are in the process of moving over relevant white papers, videos, and blog entries. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/new-website-oct-2026) --- 31st Dec 2025 ### [Advanced Impairments: Custom Packet Manipulation in Network Emulation](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/custom-packet-manipulation) ## Advanced Impairments: Custom Packet Manipulation in Network Emulation Custom packet manipulation involves creating or changing data packets in a network stream to mimic certain conditions in network environments. However, it’s not enough just to have them mimic ordinary operations. Developers and... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/custom-packet-manipulation) --- 31st Dec 2025 ### [How Programmable Emulators Transform App Testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/pne--transform-app-testing) ## How Programmable Emulators Transform App Testing For the last decade, apps have played an increasingly integral role in our lives. But often, we don’t think about what’s happening underneath that robust performance or what’s guaranteeing the stability of applications. This is where programmable ne... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/pne--transform-app-testing) --- 31st Dec 2025 ### [Programmable Network Emulators: A Deep Dive into Advanced Customization and Control](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/pne-control) ## Programmable Network Emulators: A Deep Dive into Advanced Customization and Control These days, the need for robust, reliable network testing environments has never been greater. Programmable Network Emulators, or PNEs, are designed to meet this need. Today's PNEs allow network administrators and... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/pne-control) --- 9th Apr 2024 ### [Optimizing Network Performance with Dynamic Bandwidth Simulation](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/optimizing-dynamic-bandwidth) ## Optimizing Network Performance with Dynamic Bandwidth Simulation Optimizing network performance is necessary with the surge in data consumption and increasing demands of end-users and apps. At the heart of this challenge is network bandwidth—the lifeline of data flow. Understanding and managing th... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/optimizing-dynamic-bandwidth) --- 9th Apr 2024 ### [Whatever happened to NetEm, the open source Network Emulator?](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/wht-netem) ## Whatever happened to NetEm, the open-source Network Emulator? Why doesn’t everyone just use Netem? Netem, short for “Network Emulator”, is a Linux networking tool that allows for the simulation of network properties. It’s part of the Linux kernel’s tc, or Traffic Control, system. It can be used... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/wht-netem) --- 25th Mar 2024 ### [Harnessing Statistical Probabilities in Network Emulation for Realistic Testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/statistical-probabilities) ## Harnessing Statistical Probabilities in Network Emulation for Realistic Testing Developers, network engineers, and IT professionals must be able to accurately predict and emulate real-world conditions. This is where statistical probabilities in network emulation come into play. At its core, net... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/statistical-probabilities) --- 20th Jan 2024 ### [Intelligent Impairments: Crafting Smart Network Conditions for Rigorous QA](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/intelligent-impairments-qa) ## Intelligent Impairments: Crafting Smart Network Conditions for Rigorous QA The QA (Quality Assurance) process is always evolving alongside the world of network technology. Traditional network testing methods, static and limiting as they are, are no longer enough. Today’s programmable network emula... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/intelligent-impairments-qa) --- 17th Jan 2024 ### [The Power of Programmable Network Emulators in QA](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/power-of-pne-in-qa) ## The Power of Programmable Network Emulators in QA Ensuring network reliability, security, and performance is an immense task. The challenge grows even more significant as these networks become more complex and scalable. Enter programmable network emulators, a must-have tool for QA professionals. T... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/power-of-pne-in-qa) --- 7th Jan 2024 ### [Network Performance Testing for Games](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/testing-for-games) ## Network Performance Testing for Games IWL talked to many quality engineers, design engineers, and gaming enthusiasts and asked them about the different ways they think about and prioritize testing online, interactive, multiplayer games. This is a compendium of the results. 1. **Network Latency:**... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/testing-for-games) --- 16th Apr 2023 ### [On Network Product Liability and The Need For Testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/network-product-liability) ## On Network Product Liability and The Need For Testing Software, and network related products and services, have long been sold, licensed, or operated with a unique degree of immunity for flaws and failures. A sea change may be coming. This change could be of Biblical proportions, so perhaps a Biblical sounding warning should be heralded: *Manufacturers, makers, and vendors take heed lest you be drowned.* In March of 2023 the Biden Administration released a ["National Cybersecurity Strategy"](https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/National-Cybersecurity-Strategy-2023.pdf) Take a look at Strategic Objective 3.3, "Shift Liability For Insecure Software Products and Services": > The Administration will work with Congress and the private sector to develop legislation establishing liability for software products and services. Any such legislation should prevent manufacturers and software publishers with market power from fully disclaiming liability by contract, and establish higher standards of care for software in specific high-risk scenarios. To begin to shape standards of care for secure software development, the Administration will drive the development of an adaptable safe harbor framework to shield from liability companies that securely develop and maintain their software products and services. I have long advocated that network devices and the software they contain be fully subject to the kinds of liability that are imposed on other kinds of products.\[1\]\[2\] It seems that perhaps the US government has finally gotten the message. It is obvious to everyone that a lot of software is flawed. Vendors have evaded responsibility for a long time through the use of "terms of use" or license disclaimers of warranties; coerced arbitration; liability dollar limits; and choice of law, venue, and jurisdiction stipulations. The Administration built its proposal around concerns for security and privacy. And that may well be where vendor liability attaches first. But the logic and arguments in the proposal are not limited to security and privacy. Just as product liability began with products that could cause direct and terrible damage to people, courts and legislatures may expand the scope as network software harm manifests itself in ways beyond security or privacy. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/network-product-liability) --- 9th Apr 2023 ### [Does Apple's Mac Mini Have A 2.5G Ethernet Bug?](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/mac-mini-25g-bug) ## Does Apple's Mac Mini Have A 2.5G Ethernet Bug? Recently we purchased two of the Apple Silicon (M2) based Mac Minis for one of our offsite networks. One was the mid-range version; the other was the top-of-the-line. We ordered both with the 10G network interface. That interface supports 10G, 2.5G, 1G, 100M, and 10M. The Mac Minis are both running Ventura 13.3. We also recently upgraded parts of our network to 2.5G, including a 2.5G-equipped pfSense router to one of Comcast's faster offerings (1G in, 25M out.) Our cables are all of sufficient rating to run at 2.5G. Things seemed fine. Until we fired up Zoom. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/mac-mini-25g-bug) [EAV](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:EAV#body-wrapper) [AVB](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:AVB#body-wrapper) [Ethernet](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Ethernet#body-wrapper) [2.5G](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:2.5G#body-wrapper) [Macintosh](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Macintosh#body-wrapper) [Mac Mini](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Mac%20Mini#body-wrapper) [zoom](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:zoom#body-wrapper) --- 5th Apr 2022 ### [Maxwell Pro and KMAX Resequencing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/maxpro-kmax-resequencing) ## KMAX and Maxwell Pro — Packet Resequencing (This article has been updated to mention KMAX because it has similar functionality.) A new Maxwell plugin that can do user-controlled re-sequencing of packets is available as part of the latest Maxwell TCP testing package. The plugin is able to rearr... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/maxpro-kmax-resequencing) --- 21st Feb 2022 ### [Network Slowdown, By Design](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/network-slowdown-by-design) ## Network Slowdown, By Design ![TCP - Cartoon.png](https://nwww.iwl.com/user/pages/03.articles/06.blog/network-slowdown-by-design/TCP%20-%20Cartoon.png) *This article was originally published on LinkedIn, 21 Feb 2022.* #### How are you measuring your network's performance? Real-world networks encounter all kinds of problems from issues like duplicate IP addresses, misconfigured routers, inadequate buffering, fast-path slow-path transitions, IP fragmentation, and more. The TCP protocol, when initially designed, had problems when the path between the endpoints was undergoing congestion, which manifests itself in packet loss and delay. TCP was extended to implement algorithms to detect signs of congestion on the path and to take actions to avoid sending more traffic into that congestion. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/network-slowdown-by-design) [TCP](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:TCP#body-wrapper) [network measurement](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:network%20measurement#body-wrapper) [TCP testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:TCP%20testing#body-wrapper) [TCP/IP](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:TCP/IP#body-wrapper) --- 28th Dec 2021 ### [Log4j Vulnerability](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/log4j-vulnerability) #### IWL Products are NOT Affected by Log4j Vulnerability The Log4j flaw, disclosed by Apache 9 December 2021, allows attackers to execute code remotely on a target computer, meaning that they can steal data, install malware or take control. None of the IWL products use this code. NO IWL products... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/log4j-vulnerability) --- 23rd Dec 2020 ### [New IoT Cyber Law](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/new-iot-cyber-law) On December 4th, the President of the U.S. signed the IoT Cybersecurity Improvement Act of 2020, which directs the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to create standards and guidelines on the use and management of internet of things devices by federal agencies and to develop guida... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/new-iot-cyber-law) --- 31st Aug 2020 ### [T-Mobile Advised to Stop Claims about 5G Reliability](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/t-mobile-advised-to-stop-claims-about-5g-reliability) The claims about 5G continue to increase in audaciousness! From Fierce Wireless: "T-Mobile can keep telling consumers that its 5G service is faster than 4G and offers more coverage than rivals' 5G, but the National Advertising Division (NAD) of BBB National Programs recommends that it stop claim... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/t-mobile-advised-to-stop-claims-about-5g-reliability) [5G Network Testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:5G%20Network%20Testing#body-wrapper) --- 12th Jun 2020 ### [Diagnosing SIP Issues - Hints & Tips](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/diagnosing-sip-issues) ## Diagnosing SIP Issues - Hints & Tips ![sip-552x116.jpg](https://nwww.iwl.com/user/pages/03.articles/06.blog/diagnosing-sip-issues/sip-552x116.jpg) A SonicWall user recently came to us for help; the user felt the problem was within SIP and UDP. Here are some thoughts and ideas we provided to help him with his SIP diagnosis. SIP is a somewhat troublesome protocol. The basic SIP transactions f... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/diagnosing-sip-issues) --- 13th Feb 2020 ### [A holistic view of network emulation](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/a-holistic-view-of-network-emulation) We read Damien Garros' blog post -- [Introduction to Network Emulation and Requirements for Virtual Network Devices](https://blog.networktocode.com/post/Network_Emulation/) with great interest as Mr. Garros takes an unusual view of networking. Our thoughts and comments follow. Click on the link above to read the entire post, or view the pdf [here](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/a-holistic-view-of-network-emulation/damien%20garros%20blog%20post.pdf) ... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/a-holistic-view-of-network-emulation) [Network Emulation](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Network%20Emulation#body-wrapper) --- 16th Jan 2020 ### [Keynote at NANOG 77 by CTO Karl Auerbach](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/keynote-at-nanog-77-by-cto-karl-auerbach) IWL Chief Technical Officer Karl Auerbach delivered the Keynote speech at NANOG 77 in Austin, Texas on Tuesday, October 29, 2019. ### Network Operations On A Public Utility Internet ### Transcript: # Network Operations On A Public Utility Internet [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/keynote-at-nanog-77-by-cto-karl-auerbach) [NANOG](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:NANOG#body-wrapper) --- 16th Jan 2020 ### [Deeper Implications of the Great PG&E Outage](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/deeper-implications-of-the-great-pg-and-e-outage) It was 11:10pm on the night of October 9, 2019. Here along the Monterey Bay the weather was calm, cool, and a bit damp. The lights were on, the internet was working, the car was charging; everything was normal. At 11:11pm things suddenly changed. The lights went out. Internet service dropped... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/deeper-implications-of-the-great-pg-and-e-outage) --- 14th Oct 2019 ### [IWL CTO Keynote Speaker at NANOG](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/iwl-cto-keynote-speaker-at-nanog) Karl Auerbach, Chief Technical Officer at IWL, will deliver one of the keynote addresses at the North American Network Operator’s Group (NANOG 77): #### **“As the Internet becomes a public utility, what is the impact on network operators?”** 10:00 a.m. - 10:30 a.m. Tuesday October 29, 2019 Lone Star... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/iwl-cto-keynote-speaker-at-nanog) --- 14th Oct 2019 ### [Use IWL TCP Test Suite to Avoid CERT Security Advisories](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/use-iwl-tcp-test-suite-to-avoid-cert-security-advisories) ### IWL TCP Test Suites Would Have Revealed These Flaws BEFORE they showed up in a CERT Security Advisory. ICS-CERT (Industrial Control System – Computer Emergency Response Team) is part of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Recently CERT issued two Advisories concerning TCP/IP implementation... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/use-iwl-tcp-test-suite-to-avoid-cert-security-advisories) [TCP testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:TCP%20testing#body-wrapper) [DHCP testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:DHCP%20testing#body-wrapper) [vulnerabilities](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:vulnerabilities#body-wrapper) --- 5th Jul 2019 ### [IWL Cautions Against Misleading 5G Claims Made by Purveyors of 5G Products](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/iwl-cautions-against-misleading-5g-claims) *Prior to planning or funding 5G rollouts, technology implementers must rigorously question 5G claims and look for substantiated evidence* IWL issued a caution today that some of the claims made by investors in 5G technology are exaggerated or lead to overly-naïve conclusions. #### 5G Technology 5G i... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/iwl-cautions-against-misleading-5g-claims) --- 19th Apr 2019 ### [Application Performance Testing Mistakes](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/application-performance-testing-mistakes) Nearly half of US mobile shoppers say they would abandon an app if it doesn’t load in three seconds or less, according to industry research reported in [ComputerWeekly.com in 2014](https://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240236295/Retailers-need-to-ensure-quality-online-offerings-for-Christmas). More than ever, users want a snappy, responsive product. If they don’t get it, they will walk away. To help combat... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/application-performance-testing-mistakes) [network emulator](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:network%20emulator#body-wrapper) [application performance testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:application%20performance%20testing#body-wrapper) [app dev](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:app%20dev#body-wrapper) [app dev & testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:app%20dev%20&%20testing#body-wrapper) --- 15th Mar 2019 ### [Testing My App in a 5G Network](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/testing-my-app-in-a-5g-network) *Practical considerations for software developers considering 5G network emulation* 5G is the latest technology for cellular mobile communications. Deployment is expected to take place sometime between late 2019 and mid 2020. The benefits of 5G will be available to new, 5G-enabled devices. Howev... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/testing-my-app-in-a-5g-network) [Network Emulation](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Network%20Emulation#body-wrapper) [5G Network Testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:5G%20Network%20Testing#body-wrapper) --- 4th Feb 2019 ### [Practical Guidelines for TCP Implementers](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/new-guidelines-for-tcp-implementers) ![TCP Image](https://nwww.iwl.com/user/pages/03.articles/06.blog/new-guidelines-for-tcp-implementers/tcp-handshake-neo.png) ## What do I do? Where do I start? How do I test TCP/IP? Software developers and implementers want guidelines and advisories for testing TCP/IP. Available and implemented in the 1970s and codified in the 1980s, updates and changes to the TCP/IP protocol continue up through the present day. W... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/new-guidelines-for-tcp-implementers) [TCP](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:TCP#body-wrapper) [TCP testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:TCP%20testing#body-wrapper) --- 20th Nov 2018 ### [KMAX Changes Its Passwords](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/kmax-chg-pw) [IWL's KMAX](https://iwl.com/products/kmax) network emulator is changing the way passwords are handled. The state of California has enacted a new law that affects the way that initial passwords are established on network attached devices [TITLE 1.81.26. Security of Connected Devices](https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201720180SB327) It is a sensible law that will improve the security of devices on the internet. As a consequence of these new requirements IWL is making a few changes to KMAX. These changes are in effect for KMAX units constructed after mid November 2018. (Except for KMAX-V, the date for the change on that platform is yet to be established, but it is expected to occur before the end of 2018.) [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/kmax-chg-pw) --- 16th Nov 2018 ### [Open Source Does Not Equal Better Quality Or Greater Security](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/libssh-flaw-opensource) Open source advocates have long proclaimed the intrinsic quality and security of open source code. They argue that because the code is open it is inspected by many eyes and tested by many hands. I dispute that argument. Code will become better through more inspection, and improved testing, no matter whether that code is "open", "free", or "proprietary". [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/libssh-flaw-opensource) --- 15th Nov 2018 ### [Test results for libssh bug on KMAX, Mini Maxwell, and Maxwell Pro](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/libssh-bug) IWL Engineering has completed its investigation of the [CVE-2018-10933](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10933) security flaw (libssh bug) and found that this bug is not present in our products. Based on testing conducted by IWL engineers, there is no indication that either Mini Maxwell or KMAX is subject to the libssh flaw. For the Maxwell Pro products, based on RedHat Fedora, [RedHat has stated that its systems are not vulnerable](https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2018-10933); our testing is consistent with that. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/libssh-bug) --- 28th Sep 2018 ### [A Graphical Network Simulator for Windows](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/a-graphical-network-simulator-for-windows) ![Windows Emulator Image](https://nwww.iwl.com/user/pages/03.articles/06.blog/a-graphical-network-simulator-for-windows/windows-emulator.png) #### Why should I use the KMAX Network Simulator when Windows 10 has a built-in mobile network emulator? **Question:** My team is developing a new software app that runs on iOS and Android phones. I have Windows 10 running on my desktop. I plan to go ahead and test it out with the built-in Windows 10... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/a-graphical-network-simulator-for-windows) --- 22nd Sep 2018 ### [Jeopardize Democracy Over a Few Lines of Code](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/jeopardize-democracy-over-a-few-lines-of-code) The Los Angeles Times reported today that "[More than 23,000 Californians were registered to vote incorrectly by state DMV](http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-pol-ca-dmv-voter-registration-error-20180905-story.html#)." The reason: *The errors, which were discovered more than a month ago, happened when DMV employees did not clear their computer screens between customer appointments. That* ... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/jeopardize-democracy-over-a-few-lines-of-code) --- 28th Aug 2018 ### [How to Create Bodice-Ripping Network Protocol Test Suites](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/how-to-create-bodice-ripping-protocol-test-suites) ![](https://nwww.iwl.com/user/pages/03.articles/06.blog/how-to-create-bodice-ripping-protocol-test-suites/cash-lock.png) #### Robustness, Security, and Vulnerability Testing The cost of computer security breaches is no longer hypothetical. According to the **Cisco 2018 Annual Cybersecurity Report** (page 46), more than half (53 percent) of all attacks resulted in financial damages of more than US$500,000 (for each org... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/how-to-create-bodice-ripping-protocol-test-suites) --- 14th Aug 2018 ### [Bandwidth Limiter Overview](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/bandwidth-limiter-overview) ![](https://nwww.iwl.com/user/pages/03.articles/06.blog/bandwidth-limiter-overview/Narrow-200.jpg) ### What is network bandwidth? Network bandwidth is the maximum data throughput in a specific segment of a digital communication system. For example, a wireless access point rated at 300 Mbps network bandwidth, will support data transiting through the access point at a rate no greater than 300 Mbps... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/bandwidth-limiter-overview) [KMAX](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:KMAX#body-wrapper) [Maxwell Pro](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Maxwell%20Pro#body-wrapper) [bandwidth limiter](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:bandwidth%20limiter#body-wrapper) --- 6th Jul 2018 ### [Are you ready for the new challenges of QUIC?](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/the-quic-protocol-impact-on-networkers) In 2013, Google announced a new transport protocol, the QUIC protocol (Quick UDP Internet Connections). QUIC’s original goal was to reduce transport latency, particularly with users of web apps (that use HTTP over TCP). The goal was later expanded to provide a reliable, connection-oriented, low... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/the-quic-protocol-impact-on-networkers) [network protocol](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:network%20protocol#body-wrapper) [QUIC](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:QUIC#body-wrapper) --- 25th May 2018 ### [Understanding Network Emulators, Network Modelers, Network Simulators](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/network-emulators-network-modelers-network-simulators) Network emulators, network modelers and network simulators -- how do they differ? How do I know what solution would be right for my application? How do I compare an emulator vs a simulator? Modelers, simulators, and emulators represent a continuum, that begins with pure mathematical software models and moves towards the physical reality of emulation. #### Network Modelers: A network modeler is a representation of a network based on a set of mathematical equations. With a network modeler, you mathematically define traffic volumes, flows, network architectures, etc. You can then visualize th... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/network-emulators-network-modelers-network-simulators) --- 3rd May 2018 ### [Measuring Bits and Gravitational Waves](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/measuring-bits-and-gravitational-waves) **How do you measure gravitational waves?** **How does that compare to counting bits in networking?** In June 2017, IWL Staff attended a fascinating lecture by Dr. Jess McIver of CalTech titled "Einstein Gravitational Waves and Black Holes". Dr. McIver described the operation of the LIGO project for... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/measuring-bits-and-gravitational-waves) [network measurement](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:network%20measurement#body-wrapper) [gravitational waves](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:gravitational%20waves#body-wrapper) [accuracy](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:accuracy#body-wrapper) [precision](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:precision#body-wrapper) --- 16th Apr 2018 ### [IWL Announces New Patent Licensing Program](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/iwl-announces-new-patent-licensing-program) *License IWL's stateful network impairment technology at a very reasonable price* IWL today announced a new patent licensing program for manufacturers and end users who use the technology of the Maxwell Patent. IWL is the owner of US patent number 7,310,316 ("the Maxwell Patent", [PDF](https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/6c/cc/58/9bd7d91a3114c3/US7310316.pdf), [text](http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1=7%2C310%2C316.PN.&OS=PN%2F7%2C310%2C316&RS=PN%2F7%2C310%2C316)).... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/iwl-announces-new-patent-licensing-program) [Maxwell Pro](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Maxwell%20Pro#body-wrapper) [patent](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:patent#body-wrapper) --- 11th Apr 2018 ### [What happened to the HP Network Simulator?](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/what-happened-to-the-hp-network-simulator) ### History Several years ago, an Israeli company called Shunra Software, offered a network simulator product. The product’s purpose: to help IT staff verify the performance of apps and devices, prior to deployment in production networks. The original developers had IT backgrounds, so they understo... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/what-happened-to-the-hp-network-simulator) [network emulator](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:network%20emulator#body-wrapper) [network simulator](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:network%20simulator#body-wrapper) --- 3rd Apr 2018 ### [Internet Satellite Links by SpaceX -- We Have a Few Questions](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/satellite) The Washington Post recently published an article: ["SpaceX wants to beam the Internet down to Earth. Here's How it will Start."](http://wapo.st/2o9B23g) IWL believes the article doesn't give the whole story. SpaceX is not proposing anything that is particularly new. Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks have been around since the 1990's. There was [Iridium](https://www.iridium.com/) and the former Soviet Union had a LEO satellite network for voice calls to remote locations (like Siberia). [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/satellite) [SpaceX](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:SpaceX#body-wrapper) [satellite](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:satellite#body-wrapper) --- 8th Mar 2018 ### [Avoiding Internet Timer Synchronization](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/avoiding-internet-timer-synchronization) The internet is a complex distributed process in which computers interact with one another over pathways that introduce delays and errors. There are many feedback loops. Some of those loops are simple to identify, such as the handshaking between the end points of a TCP connection. Other loops are harder to identify, such as the interaction of timers in ARP (address resolution), DNS (domain name system), and routing protocols (such as OSPF and BGP.) Positive feedback loops are often merely annoying. But they can also cause more severe problems, such as connectivity failures. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/avoiding-internet-timer-synchronization) [KMAX](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:KMAX#body-wrapper) --- 5th Feb 2018 ### [Flat File Content Management Systems : A- / B+](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/flat-file-content-management-systems) ![](https://nwww.iwl.com/user/pages/03.articles/06.blog/flat-file-content-management-systems/ggrav.png) Websites are a bit like fashion; what you wear says a lot about you as a person, and what your website looks like says a lot about your company. You don't want your clothes to make you look out of date, and you don't want your company to look out of date, either. So when it was time for IWL to up... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/flat-file-content-management-systems) --- 23rd Oct 2017 ### [On Fuzz Testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/on-fuzz-testing) There's an old joke. It was said that English automobiles of the 1950's came equipped with a walnut inlayed toolbox containing many hammers. These ranged in size from a small jeweler's hammer up through a heavy, concrete shattering, sledge. It was said that when something in the automobile stopped working that one should begin by pounding on it with the smallest hammer. If that didn't solve the problem then one should move up to the next larger size. And so on, using ever larger hammers, until the sledge, which would reduce the automobile to a heap of shattered parts that could easily be hauled away – because the original problem was obviously insolvable. Fuzz testing of software is somewhat like that old English automotive technique, but often without the benefit of an orderly sequence. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/on-fuzz-testing) [KMAX](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:KMAX#body-wrapper) [Maxwell Pro](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Maxwell%20Pro#body-wrapper) [Maxwell](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Maxwell#body-wrapper) --- 13th Sep 2017 ### [Equal Pay is Not a Regulatory Burden](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/equal-pay-is-not-a-regulatory-burden) ![](https://nwww.iwl.com/user/pages/03.articles/06.blog/equal-pay-is-not-a-regulatory-burden/indentured_servitude_small.jpg) The Trump Administration proposes to "pause" and [review](https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/08/30/the-trump-administration-just-halted-this-obama-era-rule-to-shrink-the-gender-wage-gap/) an Obama-era program designed to improve wage transparency -- so women and minorities could learn how their compensation stacked up to white men. The Trump administration argues that the government's pay data collection process is "unnecess... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/equal-pay-is-not-a-regulatory-burden) [BigData](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:BigData#body-wrapper) [Payroll](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Payroll#body-wrapper) [EqualPay](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:EqualPay#body-wrapper) [EEOC](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:EEOC#body-wrapper) --- 7th Jul 2017 ### [Why I Use a Fake Birthday on Facebook](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/why-i-use-a-fake-birthday-on-facebook) ##### Anonymity, Privacy, Device Fingerprinting Last month I received a number of fun and friendly birthday wishes on Facebook. Though this was a sweet and kind gesture by each of the well-wishers, I felt guilty. That’s because … it was not my birthday! Facebook thinks my birthday is June 22, 1910, but the day, the month, and the year are all wrong. So you may wonder: Why would I intentionally lie about my birthday on Facebook? [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/why-i-use-a-fake-birthday-on-facebook) [device fingerprint](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:device%20fingerprint#body-wrapper) [anonymity](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:anonymity#body-wrapper) [privacy](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:privacy#body-wrapper) [tracking](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:tracking#body-wrapper) --- 16th Jun 2017 ### [Women in Automotive (lots of us)](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/women-in-auto) Women who work in automotive technology met at the British Bankers Club in Menlo Park last night for a lively discussion. The women represented many facets of the industry — research scientists at the major automotive companies, new infotainment and VR startups, regulatory and compliance lawyers, v... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/women-in-auto) --- 23rd May 2017 ### [Why Do Today’s Important News Stories Include Insufficient Technical Content?](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/inadequate-tech) Often when we read news stories, we find them lacking any technical substance. It would seem that the writer aborted the story before asking any interesting questions that would allow us, as technical professionals, to fully understand the story and draw our own conclusions. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/inadequate-tech) --- 1st May 2017 ### [Taking Exception to the StringBleed Vulnerability](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/exception-string-bleed) Security researchers claim to have discovered an SNMP flaw that affects several models of Internet-connected devices. Presumably hackers could send random values in specific requests to the SNMP agent in various devices and the authentication mechanism would be bypassed. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/exception-string-bleed) [SNMP](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:SNMP#body-wrapper) [Security](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Security#body-wrapper) --- 17th Apr 2017 ### [Is it Okay to Make IPv4 Act Like IPv6?](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/ipv6-like-ipv4) Despite what one might read in certain techno-marketing publications, IPv4 is very much alive; it has not by any stretch yet been replaced by IPv6. So it remains important that vendors of networking products do IPv4 and do it correctly. But some vendors appear to be getting lazy. In particular one of the largest vendors seems to be taking a shortcut that could leave users unable to communicate even though those users have otherwise perfectly usable packet service from their network providers. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/ipv6-like-ipv4) [ipv6](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:ipv6#body-wrapper) [KMAX](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:KMAX#body-wrapper) [ipv4](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:ipv4#body-wrapper) --- 6th Apr 2017 ### [Performance Test IOT App on ESP8266 on a Drone](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/iot-drone) ### Results from Performance Testing an IOT App Controlling the ESP8266 Microcomputer Mounted on a Drone Have you thought about how you will test the performance of IoT apps and drones? Our new video demonstrates performance testing of an IOT application controlling the ESP8266 Microcomputer mounted... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/iot-drone) [KMAX](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:KMAX#body-wrapper) [IoT](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:IoT#body-wrapper) --- 21st Feb 2017 ### [Confide, a Favorite App of the White House, May Not Be Secure](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/confide-may-not-be-secure) A New York City based start-up company, Confide, offers a text messaging system “with encrypted messages that self-destruct.” You can download the app at [getconfide.com](https://getconfide.com/) Confide lets its users “discuss sensitive topics, brainstorm ideas or give unfiltered opinions without fear of the Internet’s permanent, digital record and with no copies left behind.” “Messages disappear forever after they are read once, making them as private and secure as the spoken word.” What a description! Everyone’s dream come true, right? Certainly a perfect app for individuals wanting to communicate about classified information, military plans, or other top secret information. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/confide-may-not-be-secure) [Security](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:Security#body-wrapper) [TLS](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:TLS#body-wrapper) --- 29th Jan 2017 ### [Emulating BACNET](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/emulating-bacnet) The Building Automation and Control network (BACnet) protocol defines a network communication standard for building control systems to communicate. These building control systems include devices and applications for heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) control, lighting control, access... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/emulating-bacnet) [network emulator](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:network%20emulator#body-wrapper) [BACnet](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:BACnet#body-wrapper) --- 24th Jan 2017 ### [More on SDN Complexity and Reality](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/sdn-complexity-reality) Definition: **SDN:** Software Defined Networks **“SDN Complexity and Reality”** by Russ White and Shawn Zandi, was published on page 31 of The Internet Protocol Journal, November 2016 (Volume 19, Number 3). You can download ipj19-3.pdf at . In the article, White and Zandi, examine the original three crucial elements to the SDN story: **First,** SDNs were supposed to remove the intelligence from the distributed control planes and consolidate that intelligence in a centralized controller. **Second,** SDNs were supposed to provide a more granular level of control – down to the flow level. **Third,** SDNs would enable the network to be programmable… [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/sdn-complexity-reality) [SDN](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:SDN#body-wrapper) --- 14th Dec 2016 ### [Why You Should Care About Impairment Testing of Internet Protocols](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/care-about-testing) ## The Internet Is an Imperfect and Hostile Place The world is an imperfect place. The internet is no exception. The internet has its good days and it has its bad days. Or to be more precise, the internet has its good seconds and its bad seconds. **Blemishes in internet performance arise from many sources.** [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/care-about-testing) --- 23rd Sep 2016 ### [Waveforms in KMAX](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/waveforms-in-kmax) ## Waveforms in KMAX Real network conditions are rarely static. Real life networks suffer transient conditions – congestion builds up and dissipates, tree branches wave in the wind across radio links, long distance routing paths change, VoIP call trunks are filled with more calls during working hours than during the evening. Even something as small as a person standing near a wi-fi access point can change the carrying capacity of a network. [KMAX](https://iwl.com/kmax) and our [Maxwell Pro](https://iwl.com/maxwell-pro) can emulate these kinds of changes. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/waveforms-in-kmax) [KMAX](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:KMAX#body-wrapper) --- 19th Sep 2016 ### [ESP8266/NodeMCU TCP Test Reveals Issues](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/esp8266-nodemcu-tcp) The ESP8266 is very popular among the maker set as a platform for experimentation in the realm of Internet of Things (IoT). We have been playing around with the [ESP8622 micro-controller](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ESP8266) running [NodeMCU](http://nodemcu.com/index_en.html). We’ve been loading simple LUA programs onto the ESP8266 to get familiar with its capabilities. Now that we’re reasonably familiar with its capabilities, it’s time we put ESP8266/NodeMCU to test. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/esp8266-nodemcu-tcp) [ESP8266](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/tag:ESP8266#body-wrapper) --- 16th Aug 2016 ### [New Cloud Testing Paradigm Comes With Challenges That Network Emulators Can Solve](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/new-cloud-testing-paradigm-comes-challenges-network-emulators-can-solve) Cloud computing has taken hold of the business world, nearly reaching its saturation point according to multiple industry reports. The business cloud and its cloud testing capabilities are growing at an extremely fast pace due to scalability, adaptability, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency across nearly every industry. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/new-cloud-testing-paradigm-comes-challenges-network-emulators-can-solve) --- 11th Aug 2016 ### [Network Emulation in the Lab vs. Real-World Network Testing](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/network-emulation-in-the-lab-vs-real-world-network-testing) When evaluating your application for deployment, it is critical to know exactly how it will respond to a variety of network conditions. In some cases, this means going out into the field in search of live, real-world testing scenarios that can be used to test app functionality and user-friendliness. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/network-emulation-in-the-lab-vs-real-world-network-testing) --- 4th Aug 2016 ### [5 Best Practices to Avoid Data Center Relocation Disaster](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/5-best-practices-to-avoid-data-center-relocation-disaster) Many CEOs and business owners think data center relocation involves the simple process of unplugging of a few servers, some careful packaging, and a secure shipment to the next location. IT professionals know that it’s actually a lot more complicated than that. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/5-best-practices-to-avoid-data-center-relocation-disaster) --- 28th Jul 2016 ### [Is Network Latency Affecting Your Business’ Cloud Performance?](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/is-network-latency-affecting-your-business-cloud-performance) IDC reports that up to 50% of cloud customers have brought workloads back in house, due to network latency and performance issues, in the cloud. This is an expensive, cumbersome, and counterproductive measure that halts the progress of a company’s technology and growth. [In this article](http://betanews.com/2016/06/17/why-latency-is-the-big-elephant-in-the-room-for-the-cloud-qa/), Wayne Wil... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/is-network-latency-affecting-your-business-cloud-performance) --- 21st Jul 2016 ### [Test Your Mobile App’s Performance](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/test-mobile-app-performance) ## Test Under Different Network Conditions Without Ever Leaving Your Office There’s no question about it—any business that wants to stay relevant these days needs to have a mobile app to keep communication flowing between their clients and their organization. According to a [recent Gallup Poll](http://www.gallup.com/poll/184046/smartphone-owners-check-phone-least-hourly.aspx), 52% of the population check their smartphones multiple times per hour and another 20% checks at least once per hour—making the average mobile device a marketing hotspot for businesses. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/test-mobile-app-performance) --- 14th Jul 2016 ### [Testing Cloud Apps and Verifying SLAs: Two Sides of the Same Coin](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/testing-cloud-apps-and-verifying-slas-two-sides-of-the-same-coin) Enterprise apps are like sports cars: they promise sleek efficiency, but require the right environment to perform optimally. An app may perform well on an enterprise LAN, but will it perform the same when it is deployed in the cloud? [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/testing-cloud-apps-and-verifying-slas-two-sides-of-the-same-coin) --- 8th Jul 2016 ### [Is Your Application Ready For the Cloud?](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/is-your-application-ready-for-the-cloud) You’ve written an awesome app, and the whole company is banking on how well it does. You’ve done the tests; it has passed QA. It’s exactly what everyone says they need. So your company launches the product, and you wait for the awesome reviews to come rolling in. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/is-your-application-ready-for-the-cloud) --- 12th Jun 2016 ### [It’s James Clerk Maxwell’s Birthday](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/its-james-clerk-maxwells-birthday) Monday, June 13th is the birthday of James Clerk Maxwell, the inspiration for our network emulators! James Clerk Maxwell was born 13 June 1831. Among his many contributions to physics, James proposed a thought experiment called “Maxwell’s demon” that suggests that the Second Law of Thermodynamics... [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/its-james-clerk-maxwells-birthday) --- 20th May 2016 ### [The Importance Of Optimizing User Experiences For Internet Of Things And Cloud Applications](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/the-importance-of-optimizing-user-experiences-for-internet-of-things-and-cloud-applications) Joe rises early as he has a busy day ahead of him. The first thing he does is reach for the smart baby monitor on his nightstand. The visual feed tells him that his 3-month-old daughter is still sleeping soundly,and the temperature display for the nursery lets him know that the baby is neither too hot nor too cold. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/the-importance-of-optimizing-user-experiences-for-internet-of-things-and-cloud-applications) --- 16th Apr 2016 ### [Our CTO, Karl Auerbach, On The Internet Of Things](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/our-cto-karl-auerbach-on-the-internet-of-things) NTIA [has published](https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2016/04/06/2016-07892/the-benefits-challenges-and-potential-roles-for-the-government-in-fostering-the-advancement-of-the) a Notice for Public comment that is titled “The Benefits, Challenges, and Potential Roles for the Government in Fostering the Advancement of the Internet of Things”. This could become ICANN-2, bigger, longer, and uncut; and with a much greater impact on the future direction of the internet. [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/our-cto-karl-auerbach-on-the-internet-of-things) --- 21st Mar 2016 ### [Scott’s Rule Of Documentation Efficiency](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/scotts-rule-of-documentation-efficiency) How well is the documentation for a product written? What is the measure of “documentation efficiency”? Given a problem with trying to use a product feature, what is the probability that you can find the answer to the problem by looking in the documentation, without having to search through stackoverflow? [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/scotts-rule-of-documentation-efficiency) --- 9th Jul 2015 ### [Females In Robotics](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/females-in-robotics) This letter is a response to Tom Green’s article in the June 5, 2015 edition of Robotics Business Review: [“Why are Too Few Females in Robotics? Could it Be the Robots?”](http://www.roboticsbusinessreview.com/article/why_are_too_few_females_in_robotics_could_it_be_the_robots) [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/females-in-robotics) --- 6th Jul 2015 ### [IPv6 Tests Compared to IPv6 Ready Logo Tests](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/ipv6-tests-compared-to-ipv6-ready-logo-tests) ## IPv6 Ready Logo Program | IPv6 Ready Logo Program | IWL Maxwell IPv6 Tests | |---|---| | Basic RFC Conformance | Advanced IPv6 Conformance | | Basic Interoperability | Advanced Interoperability | | Community Support | Commercial Support | | No Software Development (1) | Ongoing Software Deve... | [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/ipv6-tests-compared-to-ipv6-ready-logo-tests) --- 15th Jun 2015 ### [Degrading the Network at the DARPA Robotics Finals](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/degrading-the-network-at-the-darpa-robotics) ### View from the Network Operations Center During the DARPA Robotics Finals [Continue Reading](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/degrading-the-network-at-the-darpa-robotics) --- --- ## Navigation - Previous: [White Papers](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/white-papers.md) - Next: [IWL Videos](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/videos.md) - Children: - [5 Best Practices to Avoid Data Center Relocation Disaster](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/5-best-practices-to-avoid-data-center-relocation-disaster.md) - [A Graphical Network Simulator for Windows](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/a-graphical-network-simulator-for-windows.md) - [A holistic view of network emulation](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/a-holistic-view-of-network-emulation.md) - [Apache With RADIUS – Two or More RADIUS Servers](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/apache-with-radius-two-or-more-radius-servers.md) - [Application Performance Testing Mistakes](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/application-performance-testing-mistakes.md) - [Avoiding Internet Timer Synchronization](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/avoiding-internet-timer-synchronization.md) - [Avoiding the Next Heartbleed Bug](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/avoiding-the-next-heartbleed-bug.md) - [Bandwidth Limiter Overview](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/bandwidth-limiter-overview.md) - [Why You Should Care About Impairment Testing of Internet Protocols](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/care-about-testing.md) - [Confide, a Favorite App of the White House, May Not Be Secure](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/confide-may-not-be-secure.md) - [Advanced Impairments: Custom Packet Manipulation in Network Emulation](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/custom-packet-manipulation.md) - [Deeper Implications of the Great PG&E Outage](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/deeper-implications-of-the-great-pg-and-e-outage.md) - [Degrading the Network at the DARPA Robotics Finals](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/degrading-the-network-at-the-darpa-robotics.md) - [Diagnosing SIP Issues - Hints & Tips](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/diagnosing-sip-issues.md) - [Do We Need A U.S. Department Of Code?](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/do-we-need-a-us-department-of-code.md) - [Emulating BACNET](https://nwww.iwl.com/articles/blog/emulating-bacnet.md) - 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